Lonely Raven
Seasoned Member
  

Jack of all Trades, Master of None
Posts: 3567
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Something to keep in mind - I know we throw "power conditioner" out there as a blanket term for "something to fix my power" - but the fact is there are many different ways of doing this, and the different devices listed above are almost like comparing cars to boats to airplanes; Yes, they all move you, but they are completely different animals.
For example, a "Power Conditioner" is typically a device that uses some sort of electronic *filters* to attempt to clean the noise out of the line that's feeding your gear. There are many, many ways of doing this (electrically) so this is is a wide range of devices and even a bunch of snake oil in the form of carbon fiber tubes, crystals, and other crap.
A "Surge Suppressor" is typically a device that your power runs through that has sacrificial part that will take the hit if your lines are hit by lightning - sort of like a fuse. But these devices usually don't do much else. (does nothing for minor spikes or brown outs - and no filtration)
A "power regulator" is a device that tries to keep your power at a constant voltage, say 120v or whatever you dial it into. Again, lots of ways of doing this electrically.
A "power isolator" is a device that uses a 1:1 ratio transformer to electrically and physically separate the incoming power from the output power. This can act as both a filter of sorts, and can also isolate your gear from lightning strikes. You could add some extra filtration and cover a lot of ground with this one device - which is why I believe Steve went with this rout for the Decware power devices...you can get a lot of bang for your buck.
Then you have "Power Regeneration" - which is where the much more expensive devices like the PS Audio P10 falls into. This type of device is taking your 120v (nominal) power, and basically running it through a highly regulated power amp with a near perfect A/C sine wave coming out the other end. Think about that, it's literally a power amp that plays one single note: 60hz So, the P10 encompases a lot of the above with: *some* surge protection - it has regulation circuits that shut down when power looks really scary, as well as fuses (but can still be taken out by a lightning strike), digitally controlled power regulation that you can dial in to the output voltage *you* want (which helps with surges and brownouts), and filtration and isolation through its computer controlled sine wave and circuitry. And even goes as far as allowing you to tweak the output sine wave to allow for more "charge time" for your gear's power supply, *and* lowers the power circuits resistance making it easier/faster for your power demanding gear to pull the power it needs for transients...which is an issue some of the other devices listed above can actually make worse! Which is why I think Lon and I both have Isolation Transformers in storage - they are great for digital gear, but suck the life out of demanding amps. Note: Many of us have heard the ZMA plugged into Steve's Decware Isolation Transformers, and his certainly didn't suck the life out of the amp - I've read that toroid isolation transformers have less resistance and handle transients better, and Steve said he is using toroids so...
Anyways, that's just a general overview of different technologies. Each has its strengths and weaknesses, and the better (passive) ones I've heard usually include multiple technologies in clever ways (for example isolation/regulation with further filtration on the output and big caps for transients). Just be careful what you buy into, as the more I research it, the more I see that these companies seem to be blind to or willfully ignorant to what their gear is doing to sound. What I mean by that is, they seem to focus on one thing; such as measurably lowering the RF/EMI interference, at the expense of regulation or transients. Sure the power measures well, but now my amp sounds flat. Or maybe they are really good at regulation - which is awesome if you're a computer and want perfect, uninterrupted power...but oh crap, my bass went to shit and my treble is harsh from all the perfectly regulated noise!
So my suggestion, no matter what you get...even if spending the big bucks on a P10, is to see if you can audition it with *your* gear, with *your* power situation. Make sure you can return/exchange (or easily flip) the device if it doesn't do what you hope/expect it to. I splurged on a P10 after doing a ton of research years ago, and after going through many devices that only seemed to suck the life out of amps. And to be completely honest, the power supply is so good on the ZMA, I hear very little improvement if any. However, every other amp I plugged into the P10 definitely shows improvement.
Final note (sorry so long) - if you can do it, I've found a much bigger bang for my buck by simply running a dedicated "home run" circuit from a quality outlet back to my breaker panel using the highest gauge wire the outlet can take - Including (or especially) the ground wire.. Giving your gear a low resistance circuit to draw from, and even better a really low resistance ground for noise to go down, will help your system get those "black backgrounds" people talk about. I was a skeptic till I tried it, and I'll be damned if it didn't help! Bonus points if you go one step further and have an electrician add an extra grounding rod to your house to further lower your resistance to ground.
Good luck, and do your research!
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